Strictly speaking, "deployment" refers to activities required to move military personnel and materials from a home installation to a specified destination. For servicemembers and families, it has come to mean much more: the preparations and personal needs that need to be taken care of at home before, during and after deployment. Deployment for active servicemembers and National Guard and Reserve members, as well as Individual Augmentee IA deployment, follows these cycles:.
When not deployed, servicemembers and their units undergo traditional training to prepare for the conduct of military duties.
During this phase, servicemembers go through normal training and medical evaluations that maintain their personal and unit readiness level. From the family point of view, this phase is "normal life," as the servicemember is at home and going to work on a regular basis. Near the end of this phase, the unit will be alerted for possible deployment and will receive orders to mobilize. Upon receiving a mobilization alert, preparation for deployment begins, including required briefings, additional training, medical and dental evaluations, and possibly counseling to ensure that service members are ready and able to be deployed.
The pre-deployment phase ends when service members or their units physically leave the home installation for the theater of operations.
The deployment phase of the cycle begins with the physical movement of individuals and units from their home installation to the designated theater of operations.
This phase of the deployment cycle can be a stressful time for servicemembers and their families as they face the realities of a deployment and what that means for them.
The remainder of the deployment phase primarily involves the performance of military duties in support of the mission either in the theater of operations overseas or within the United States. Servicemembers return to their home installation, and prepare to "reintegrate" into normal life, with individual branches of service offering additional briefings, training, medical evaluations, and counseling to assist.
In the post-deployment phase, active duty service members will be ready to return to their normal jobs on the installation. This phase includes reintegration into family life and the community, as well as reintegration into regular military duties. Units may require servicemembers to complete follow-on briefings, training, counseling, and medical evaluations during this phase. Servicemembers and their families may experience some stress during this phase, as everyone readjusts to life together.
Many support services are available for service members and their families to make this readjustment easier, either through the branches of Service or through the community. This phase is similar to the active duty pre-deployment phase in that the servicemember is living a "normal life," and undergoing regularly scheduled training and medical evaluations that maintain their personal and unit readiness level.
When servicemembers receive a mobilization alert they will be given briefings, additional training and medical evaluations in preparation; the pre-deployment phase ends when servicemembers or their units physically leave the home installation for the theater of operations. Individual augmentee IA deployment occurs when a servicemember receives orders to deploy individually or with a small group to augment a different unit.
This type of deployment is different from deployments that occur when an entire unit, squadron, or ship is ordered to deploy. An IA can be an active duty, a National Guard, or a Reserve service member, and can either volunteer for IA service or be selected for it.
Deploying IA Sailors and Airmen usually require additional training and can be ordered to tours longer in length than a traditional deployment.
When called for an IA deployment, service members usually have shorter notification times, lack specific information concerning their deployment, and are often deployed to areas that present communication challenges. More information on the IA program can be found on these websites:. Once a servicemember is mobilized, family members may find they need assistance with a particular problem or be in need of general support. Regardless of which military branch the Reserve is serving in, family members can receive services from any military installation.
What is available will vary according to installation staffing, active duty population, and geographical isolation. If you do not live near an installation, many of the services can be provided via the telephone and e-mail. The FAC will provide current information concerning family support available within the state to include military, federal, state, and local civilian support to military family members. It will also provide government forms and assistance in filling them out.
Although names vary, most of the services are the same. Centers are staffed by highly trained human services professionals and volunteers. All programs are free of charge. Financial Management Assistance : Professional counseling available regarding financial management including budget preparation, understanding the LES, investing, debt management, and credit management.
Relocation Services : This program offers assistance to military members and their families in relocating from one installation to another. Provides useful and interesting information regarding local community and travel. Operates loan locker for basic necessities and SITES program web-based information on world-wide military installations. Exceptional Family Member Program : Maintain and provide up-to-date information for families who have a special need family member. Information includes local special education programs and medically-related services available aboard base and in the community.
Information and Referral : This is the place to start if you are not sure of what you need. Will provide general assessment of situation or problem and make appropriate referrals to needed resources. Career Resource Center : Seminars, classes, testing, and individual counseling available for vocational and career development. These deployments may be with Navy units or joint units, or service members may be assigned to a unit of a different branch of the military.
The latter is usually called an individual augmentee job. Sailors deployed without a ship or a sub may go for as little as 30 days or for more than a year.
Learn more about Navy deployments ». Airmen participate in many different types of deployments. Most Air Force deployments involve flying to another location, often an overseas Air Force base, a joint base or the base of another service. Airmen may live on those bases or stay in hotels.
Some Air Force units have a faster deployment cycle, with shorter deployments and shorter times between deployments. While Air Force deployments still may follow the average durations of other branch deployments, typically six to 12 months, they may also do a series of two- to three-month deployments in quick succession.
Differences in deployment tempo are usually based upon job and unit. Learn more about Air Force deployments ». Knowing what to expect during the deployment cycle can help everyone manage challenges more successfully. The Plan My Deployment website offers comprehensive information and resources for service members and families.
Military OneSource also offers information specifically for friends and extended family to help you understand military life and culture and support your service member. Deployment can bring about a wide range of emotions for service members, families and friends. In both scenarios, commanders remain responsible for ensuring their airmen are fit for duty.
It is not yet clear exactly how many airmen could be separated under this policy, but the Air Force said that about 0. Due to exemptions, the Air Force said that fewer than 1, airmen — not including those referred to the Disability Evaluation System — are actually at risk of separation. The number of airmen referred to the Disability Evaluation System was not immediately available. Several categories are being exempted, including airmen who are pregnant or post-partum, in a training or transient status, deployable with limitations, or who are filling positions exempted by the secretary of defense.
Airmen who are on a humanitarian assignment, such as those who cannot deploy because they have a seriously ill family member, are exempted. Overall, the Air Force said roughly 34, airmen on average were non-deployable for any length of time — mostly for medical reasons — during the last few months of Last year Air Force officials said it may have considered about 1, non-deployable active-duty airmen for separation, but the new numbers include Guard and Reserve airmen.
Some airmen who sustained combat wounds that left them unable to deploy for more than a year will still be considered for a retention determination and could be separated, the Air Force said. But it will be up to the Secretary of the Air Force to make those decisions on a case-by-case basis.
In all other cases, the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Manpower and Reserve Affairs will make the final decision on whether a non-deployable airman should be retained or separated. Brady said the Air Force is taking a look at how other services handle non-deployability for inspiration on how it can better track and define its non-deployable population. Each month, force support squadrons will receive a roster of airmen who have been non-deployable for at least 10 months, and will then distribute those rosters to the commanders they support.
If an airmen needs a retention determination, he must be notified by his chain of command. Stephen Losey is the air warfare reporter at Defense News.
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